Skip to content

Back-end Frameworks

JavaScript on the server

We're highlighting interesting features or libraries we think you should know about.

Library Highlight: ElysiaJS

There are many back-end frameworks around, but Elysia stands out as the only one being built on top of Bun.

Leveraging a brand new runtime can be a risky bet, but given Bun's own growing popularity it looks like that bet might pay off. If anything, it's certainly proving to be an interesting experiment!

Useful Resources

Back-end Frameworks Ratios Over Time

Express
NestJS
Fastify
Strapi
Hono
Koa
ElysiaJS
Adonis
Hapi
Directus
tRPC
Nitro

Mode:

View:

Usage:

Proportion of respondents having used an item
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
2025
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%

Other Meta-Frameworks

0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
34
24
3
payload
20
17
5
effect
14
13
10
8
Other Answers
122
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
% of question respondents
We asked members of the JavaScript community to share their “pick of the year”

My 2025 Pick: The Atproto Dev Community

I think the atproto dev community deserves a spotlight - one of the official SDKs is TypeScript! Also shout-out to Jason Lengstorf and everyone else involved in this.
We asked members of the JavaScript community to share their “pick of the year”

Jenn Schiffer

Reknowned candle-maker and karaoke professional

Number of Items

Respondents tend to use relatively few back-end frameworks, which might be why Express remains so dominant: once you've picked a back-end, you're unlikely to go out of your way to try out new options.
0%
5%
10%
16%
21%
26%
01
0
2,868
02
1
3,387
03
2
2,772
04
3
1,842
05
4
1,030
06
5
566
07
6
276
08
7
140
09
8
69
10
9
37
11
10
8
12
11
2
13
12
5
0%
5%
10%
16%
21%
26%
% of survey respondents

Back-end Frameworks Pain Points

What pain points have you encountered when using back-end frameworks?
Freeform
Multiple
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
01
02
Static typing
03
Browser support
04
Performance
05
06
Excessive complexity
07
Lack of documentation
08
Choice overload
10
Frontend testing
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
% of question respondents

Recommended Resources

API Design in Node.js, v5
Scott Moss
Netflix

API Design in Node.js, v5

Build scalable APIs for any application with Node.js and Express. Learn RESTful API design best practices as you design routes, run Postgres migrations, and secure your API with JWT-based authentication.
Backend System Design
Jem Young
Netflix

Backend System Design

Grab your favorite diagramming tool and develop the system-thinking skills to solve complex backend design challenges related to scaling, data storage, reliability, and performance.
Sponsored content from our partners. Learn more.