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State of JavaScript 2025

Meta-Frameworks

Frameworks focused on rendering and serving your application

We're highlighting interesting features or libraries we think you should know about.

Library Highlight: Astro

Astro has taken a good look at what other static site generators were doing, taken the best ideas, and discarded the rest. The result is a framework that both feels simple and powerful at the same time, and has the top satisfaction ranking as a result.

And having recently joined forces with Cloudflare, it's exciting to think about what the Astro team will show us next!

Useful Resources

Meta-Frameworks Ratios Over Time

Next.js keeps on gaining ground and dominating the meta-framework category, yet paradoxically, it's also losing satisfaction at the exact same time. This is not a good sign, as its satisfaction ratio now has a 39% gap with leader Astro.

And one look at the Awareness chart is enough to see how dangerous of a competitor Astro really is, going from virtually unknown to serious contender in the span of just a few years.

Next.js
Nuxt
Gatsby
Remix
Astro
SvelteKit
Docusaurus
SolidStart
Deno Fresh
Analog
Quasar

Mode:

View:

Usage:

Proportion of respondents having used an item
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
2025
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%

Other Meta-Frameworks

Many respondents questioned the absence of TanStack Start from the options offered in the survey. The reason is simply that at survey launch, the framework wasn't out of beta yet!

Thankfully respondents were able to rectify this omission by mentioning the project in the “other meta-frameworks” field, a clear signal that TanStack Start is going to make a very strong entrance in next year's ”official” rankings.

0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
01
235
02
+2
41
03
29
04
+1
13
05
+2
12
06
12
07
inertiajs
11
08
-5
11
09
10
10
Other Answers
189
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
% of question respondents
472
4%
10
We asked members of the JavaScript community to share their “pick of the year”

My 2025 Pick: Web Origami

Describing itself as “a concise dialect of JavaScript expressions”, Web Origami is a project that hit its stride in 2025. It offers a remarkably intuitive way to transform data, build websites, and call JavaScript directly from the shell. It connects expressions and paths to enable powerful, intuitive data manipulation.
We asked members of the JavaScript community to share their “pick of the year”

Declan Chidlow

Front-end developer, designer, writer

Number of Items

Respondents haven't used that many different meta-frameworks, which is to be expected in a category still dominated by just one or two solutions.

0%
5%
11%
16%
21%
27%
01
0
3,485
02
1
3,360
03
2
2,699
04
3
1,717
05
4
963
06
5
475
07
6
186
08
7
74
09
8
26
10
9
11
11
10
2
12
11
4
0%
5%
11%
16%
21%
27%
% of survey respondents
1.7

Meta-Frameworks Happiness

It will be interesting to see if diminishing satisfaction with Next.js eventually translates into diminishing happiness overall, but so far at least that doesn't seem to be the case.

1
2
3
4
5
2022
2023
2024
2025
1
2
3
4
5
Average
11,411
88%
3.3
3
10

Meta-Frameworks Pain Points

What pain points have you encountered when using meta-frameworks?
Freeform
Multiple
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
01
Excessive complexity
+1
02
03
SSR
+1
04
Performance
+1
05
Breaking changes
-2
06
Deployment
+1
07
Lack of documentation
-1
08
Vercel
+2
09
Frontend and backend integration
10
Lock-in
+5
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
% of question respondents
2,110
16%
20
10

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